Pronouns

Pronouns

subject

 

object

 

possessive

 

reflexive

 

ik

 

mij

 

mijn

 

me

 

jij

 

jou

 

jouw

 

je

 

u

 

u

 

uw

 

zich

 

hij

 

hem

 

zijn

 

zich

 

zij

 

haar

 

haar

 

zich

 

het

 

het

 

zijn

 

zich

 

wij

 

ons

 

ons/onze

 

ons

 

jullie

 

jullie

 

jullie

 

je

 

zij

 

ze – hun

 

hun

 

zich

 

A few notes on this:

  • Many pronouns have two versions: one for regular use and one to use if the pronoun has a specific emphasis (the ‘proper’ version):
    • mij and mijn are usually me and m’n
    • jij, jou and jouw are usually je
      (Herinner jij je jouw verjaardag? – Herinner je je je verjaardag?)
    • zijn is usually z’n
    • het is usually ‘t
    • zij is usually ze
    • wij is usually we
  • The same goes for ze and hun (object, third person plural): normally you would use ze, but if you need a special emphasis, you use hun .
  • Officially, for object third person plural (‘them’) there are two forms: hun and hen. The grammar rules state that
    • hen should be used for direct object and after prepositions and
    • hun should be used for indirect object.

    This is a purely artificial difference though: most Dutch people don’t get it right – in colloquial Dutch hun is mostly used for all object forms.

  • In spoken Dutch, you even hear hun being used as a subject form for third person plural. This is still considered absolutely wrong, though.
  • The possessive ons is used for het-nouns (ons huis) and onze for de-nouns (onze tuin).

 

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